{"id":43,"date":"2025-11-09T20:04:57","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T20:04:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/?page_id=43"},"modified":"2025-11-09T20:33:52","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T20:33:52","slug":"pos-tags","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/pos-tags\/","title":{"rendered":"POS tags"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A Guide to Parts of Speech.<\/p>\n<p>The intent is to follow Oxford or Cambridge whenever possible, but to prefer modern pos tags (i.e. many is a det, not an adj) and to present the general case.<\/p>\n<p>This is roughly in line with Google&#8217;s Trillion Word Corpus or COCA. So a word like &#8216;many&#8217; will not be marked four times in the dictionary but maybe once or twice. We have it currently twice, as det and n-p. It came in from the Oxford 5000 as det. which I find odd since Oxford&#8217;s dictionary shows it as adj. So, we are not adverse to marking words our own way in order to show a general or streamlined case. This isn&#8217;t a Ph.D. grammar course, it&#8217;s ESL. It&#8217;s practical to a fault.<\/p>\n<p>Optional extensions use slightly more descriptive tags to help the learners they are intended to serve.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Tag<\/th>\n<th>Full Form<\/th>\n<th>Example<\/th>\n<th>Notes<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>n<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>noun<\/td>\n<td><em>dog, freedom<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Includes both countable &amp; uncountable nouns.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>pn<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>pronoun<\/td>\n<td><em>he, they, this, who<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Personal, demonstrative, relative, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>adj<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>adjective<\/td>\n<td><em>big, red, kind<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Describes a noun.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>adv<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>adverb<\/td>\n<td><em>quickly, very, often<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>v<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>verb (general)<\/td>\n<td><em>run, be, have<\/em><\/td>\n<td>You can subclassify (see below).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>vt<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>transitive verb<\/td>\n<td><em>see, make, eat<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Takes a direct object.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>vi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>intransitive verb<\/td>\n<td><em>sleep, go, arrive<\/em><\/td>\n<td>No direct object.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>aux<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>auxiliary \/ helping verb<\/td>\n<td><em>be, do, have, will<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Supports another verb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>prep<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>preposition<\/td>\n<td><em>in, on, with<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Shows relationship (place, time, etc.).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>conj<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>conjunction<\/td>\n<td><em>and, but, although<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Connects words or clauses.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>det<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>determiner<\/td>\n<td><em>a, the, some, my<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Introduces or limits a noun.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>num<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>numeral<\/td>\n<td><em>one, second, third<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Can be cardinal or ordinal.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>intj<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>interjection<\/td>\n<td><em>oh!, wow!<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Expresses emotion.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>part<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>particle<\/td>\n<td><em>to (infinitive), up (in look up)<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Small words with grammatical roles.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>modal<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>modal verb<\/td>\n<td><em>can, should, must<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Expresses ability, necessity, etc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>ger<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>gerund<\/td>\n<td><em>running (is fun)<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Verbal noun (-ing form used as noun).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>inf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>infinitive<\/td>\n<td><em>to go, to see<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Verb in base form preceded by <em>to<\/em>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>prep-phr<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>prepositional phrase<\/td>\n<td><em>in front of, because of<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Extension; Multiword prepositions.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>adj-phr<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>adjective phrase<\/td>\n<td><em>full of energy<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Optional extension for learners.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>adv-phr<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>adverb phrase<\/td>\n<td><em>very quickly<\/em><\/td>\n<td>Optional extension for learners.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Guide to Parts of Speech. The intent is to follow Oxford or Cambridge whenever possible, but to prefer modern pos tags (i.e. many is a det, not an adj) and to present the general case. This is roughly in line with Google&#8217;s Trillion Word Corpus or COCA. So a word like &#8216;many&#8217; will not [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-43","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48,"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/43\/revisions\/48"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nelsonacademy.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}